VA
Virginia
FIPS 51 · Population 8,705,170
6 Sources
Updated June 22, 2026
8.7M ▲
Population
334,922,499 U.S.
$93,170 ▲
Median Income
$80,734 national
$761.7B
GDP
2.9%
Unemployment
4% national
County Map
Click a county to view its economic profile
Demographics & Population
Census Bureau American Community Survey 2024 · 5-Year Estimates
Household Income
Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2024 5-Year Estimates
Median Household
$93,170
Per Capita
$50,666
Mean Household
$128,260
Poverty Rate
9.9% ▼
Age & Race / Ethnicity
Source: Census Bureau ACS 2024 · Tables B01001, B02001, B03003
Cohorts
Under 18 · 21.7%
18-34 · 22.8%
35-54 · 26%
55-64 · 12.8%
65+ · 16.7%
Race & Ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino is an ethnic category and overlaps with the race categories above.
Educational Attainment
Source: Census Bureau ACS 2024 · Table B15003 · Population 25+
91.6%
High School+
National: 89.6%
▲ +2.0 pts
42.2%
Bachelor's+
National: 35.7%
▲ +6.5 pts
18.5%
Graduate+
National: 14.1%
▲ +4.4 pts
Employment Overview
Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2024 5-Year Estimates
8,705,170
Population
4,598,854
Labor Force
Employed
4,277,711
Unemployment Rate BLS LAUS 2024 annual
2.9%
Mean Commute 1 min above national avg
27.3 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
18.3%
Virginia's median household income sits 15% above the national median. At 9.9%, its poverty rate runs 2.6 pts below the ~12.5% national level, relevant for federal funding eligibility narratives. Bachelor's-or-higher attainment of 42.2% exceeds the national average of 35.7%.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2024 5-Year Estimates (released December 2025). Figures reflect the most recent Census release, older news reports may cite prior vintages.
Key Takeaways
- Income premium: Households earn well above the national median, supporting strong consumer markets statewide.
- Talent advantage: Bachelor's-or-higher attainment exceeds the national average by 6.5 pts, supports knowledge-economy positioning.
Economy & Industry
Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW · Bureau of Economic Analysis
Key Takeaways
- Largest sector: Health Care and Social Assistance employs 514,780 workers (17.9% of the tracked sectors), at an average wage of $67,922.
- Economic scale: State GDP of $761.7B (2024).
Source: BLS QCEW + BEA Regional GDP.
Industry Concentration
Location Quotient measures regional specialization vs. national average. LQ > 1.0 = concentrated.
Attraction Opportunities - Below-Average Industries
LQ < 0.5, below-average employment, potential attraction targets. Source: BLS QCEW · 3-digit NAICS sub-sector
0.05x
Oil and Gas Extraction
170 employed
0.09x
Support Activities for Mining
635 employed
0.20x
Support Activities for Agriculture and Forestry
1,998 employed
0.28x
Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing
811 employed
0.37x
Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing
232 employed
0.37x
Pipeline Transportation
551 employed
0.38x
Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation
305 employed
0.40x
Crop Production
5,578 employed
Key Takeaways
- Top specialization: concentrates at 3.55x the national norm, strong concentration that anchors the local economy.
- Cluster depth: 3 sub-sectors register LQ ≥ 1.5, suggesting an interconnected industrial base across the state.
- Attraction whitespace: 8 sub-sectors register LQ < 0.5, candidates for diversification or recruitment.
Source: BLS QCEW sub-sector Location Quotients.
Housing & Affordability
Census ACS · HUD Fair Market Rents FY2026
Housing Overview
Source: Census Bureau ACS 2024 5-Year Estimates · Tables B25001, B25077, B25064
$383,700 ▲
Median Home Value vs 2019
$1,579 ▲
Rent/Mo
67.3% ▲
Owner-Occ
8.7% ▼
Vacancy
4.1x
Home Value to Income Ratio
vs. ~4.1x national average
HUD Fair Market Rents (Statewide)
Renter-household-weighted average across 133 Fair Market Rent areas · Source: HUD · Fair Market Rents FY2026
Studio
$1,482/mo$630 to $1,953
1 Bedroom
$1,533/mo$697 to $2,015
2 Bedroom
$1,735/mo$914 to $2,246
3 Bedroom
$2,257/mo$1,096 to $2,835
4 Bedroom
$2,677/mo$1,252 to $3,332
30% of monthly median household income (~$2,329/mo) · rents above this line are typically considered cost-burdened.
Key Takeaways
- In line with national: Home value to income ratio of 4.1x sits near the ~4.1x national average; affordability is neither a clear advantage nor a recruitment friction.
Source: Census ACS housing tables.
Workforce Pipeline
Labor force readiness, commuting, and workforce composition
Labor Market Overview
Source: Census ACS 2024 · Tables B01001, B23025, B08303, B08301
5,360,594 ▲
Working Age (18-64) vs 2019
▼ vs 2019
Mean Commute
27.3 min
Work From Home
18.3%
Education & Talent Pipeline
Source: Census ACS 2024 · Table B15003 · College Scorecard
Bachelor's+
42.2%
HS Diploma+
91.6%
Top Institutions
Degrees, certificates, and other credentials awarded last academic year (College Scorecard).
25,513/yr
10,335/yr
10,020/yr
9,615/yr
9,087/yr
7,707/yr
Aging Workforce
Source: Census Bureau ACS · Derived from age & employment tables
20.8%
55-64 of working-age population (18-64)
Elevated retirement risk, above the 20% threshold. Succession planning recommended.
Workforce by Occupation
Source: Census ACS 2024 · Table C24010 · Civilian employed population 16+
Management / Professional
48.8%
Service
15.4%
Sales & Office
18%
Construction / Maint.
7.5%
Production / Transport
10.3%
Bars scaled 2× for visual differentiation; percentage labels show actual share of 4,277,711 employed workers.
Key Takeaways
Source: ACS workforce data.
County Profiles
133 counties in Virginia
Accomack County
FIPS 51001
Albemarle County
FIPS 51003
Alexandria city
FIPS 51510
Alleghany County
FIPS 51005
Amelia County
FIPS 51007
Amherst County
FIPS 51009
Appomattox County
FIPS 51011
Arlington County
FIPS 51013
Augusta County
FIPS 51015
Bath County
FIPS 51017
Bedford County
FIPS 51019
Bland County
FIPS 51021
Botetourt County
FIPS 51023
Bristol city
FIPS 51520
Brunswick County
FIPS 51025
Buchanan County
FIPS 51027
Buckingham County
FIPS 51029
Buena Vista city
FIPS 51530
Campbell County
FIPS 51031
Caroline County
FIPS 51033
Carroll County
FIPS 51035
Charles City County
FIPS 51036
Charlotte County
FIPS 51037
Charlottesville city
FIPS 51540
Chesapeake city
FIPS 51550
Chesterfield County
FIPS 51041
Clarke County
FIPS 51043
Colonial Heights city
FIPS 51570
Covington city
FIPS 51580
Craig County
FIPS 51045
Culpeper County
FIPS 51047
Cumberland County
FIPS 51049
Danville city
FIPS 51590
Dickenson County
FIPS 51051
Dinwiddie County
FIPS 51053
Emporia city
FIPS 51595
Essex County
FIPS 51057
Fairfax city
FIPS 51600
Fairfax County
FIPS 51059
Falls Church city
FIPS 51610
Fauquier County
FIPS 51061
Floyd County
FIPS 51063
Fluvanna County
FIPS 51065
Franklin city
FIPS 51620
Franklin County
FIPS 51067
Frederick County
FIPS 51069
Fredericksburg city
FIPS 51630
Galax city
FIPS 51640
Giles County
FIPS 51071
Gloucester County
FIPS 51073
Goochland County
FIPS 51075
Grayson County
FIPS 51077
Greene County
FIPS 51079
Greensville County
FIPS 51081
Halifax County
FIPS 51083
Hampton city
FIPS 51650
Hanover County
FIPS 51085
Harrisonburg city
FIPS 51660
Henrico County
FIPS 51087
Henry County
FIPS 51089
Highland County
FIPS 51091
Hopewell city
FIPS 51670
Isle of Wight County
FIPS 51093
James City County
FIPS 51095
King and Queen County
FIPS 51097
King George County
FIPS 51099
King William County
FIPS 51101
Lancaster County
FIPS 51103
Lee County
FIPS 51105
Lexington city
FIPS 51678
Loudoun County
FIPS 51107
Louisa County
FIPS 51109
Lunenburg County
FIPS 51111
Lynchburg city
FIPS 51680
Madison County
FIPS 51113
Manassas city
FIPS 51683
Manassas Park city
FIPS 51685
Martinsville city
FIPS 51690
Mathews County
FIPS 51115
Mecklenburg County
FIPS 51117
Middlesex County
FIPS 51119
Montgomery County
FIPS 51121
Nelson County
FIPS 51125
New Kent County
FIPS 51127
Newport News city
FIPS 51700
Norfolk city
FIPS 51710
Northampton County
FIPS 51131
Northumberland County
FIPS 51133
Norton city
FIPS 51720
Nottoway County
FIPS 51135
Orange County
FIPS 51137
Page County
FIPS 51139
Patrick County
FIPS 51141
Petersburg city
FIPS 51730
Pittsylvania County
FIPS 51143
Poquoson city
FIPS 51735
Portsmouth city
FIPS 51740
Powhatan County
FIPS 51145
Prince Edward County
FIPS 51147
Prince George County
FIPS 51149
Prince William County
FIPS 51153
Pulaski County
FIPS 51155
Radford city
FIPS 51750
Rappahannock County
FIPS 51157
Richmond city
FIPS 51760
Richmond County
FIPS 51159
Roanoke city
FIPS 51770
Roanoke County
FIPS 51161
Rockbridge County
FIPS 51163
Rockingham County
FIPS 51165
Russell County
FIPS 51167
Salem city
FIPS 51775
Scott County
FIPS 51169
Shenandoah County
FIPS 51171
Smyth County
FIPS 51173
Southampton County
FIPS 51175
Spotsylvania County
FIPS 51177
Stafford County
FIPS 51179
Staunton city
FIPS 51790
Suffolk city
FIPS 51800
Surry County
FIPS 51181
Sussex County
FIPS 51183
Tazewell County
FIPS 51185
Virginia Beach city
FIPS 51810
Warren County
FIPS 51187
Washington County
FIPS 51191
Waynesboro city
FIPS 51820
Westmoreland County
FIPS 51193
Williamsburg city
FIPS 51830
Winchester city
FIPS 51840
Wise County
FIPS 51195
Wythe County
FIPS 51197
York County
FIPS 51199
AI Insights
AI-assisted analysis, drawn from 6 federal data sources
Sample AI Insight
Virginia shows meaningful potential for attraction, with a 3.55x concentration and 21,609 jobs in this sub-sector.
Cluster depth across , professional, scientific, and technical services, and computing infrastructure providers and data processing creates supply-chain attraction leverage, a structural advantage for industrial recruitment.
Industry Shift Analysis
Manufacturing Automation Risk
High
Healthcare Growth Forecast
+4.2% CAGR
Remote Work Migration
67/100
Prospect Match Scores
Advanced Manufacturing
92/100
Life Sciences
84/100
Data Centers
71/100
Illustrative example
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Data Sources
Updated from official federal government data.
Census ACS 5-Year2024
BLS QCEW2025
BEA Regional GDP2024
Census CBP2024
HUD Fair Market RentsFY2026
USAspending.govFY2026
Frequently Asked Questions
Key economic and demographic figures for Virginia, from federal data sources.
What is the population of Virginia?
8,705,170 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).
What is the median household income in Virginia?
$93,170 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).
What is the unemployment rate in Virginia?
2.9% (2024 annual average, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS).
What is the GDP of Virginia?
$761.7B (BEA SAGDP (state GDP)).
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