MA
Massachusetts
FIPS 25 · Population 7,044,056
6 Sources
Updated June 22, 2026
7M ▲
Population
334,922,499 U.S.
$103,960 ▲
Median Income
$80,734 national
$778.5B
GDP
4%
Unemployment
4% national
County Map
Click a county to view its economic profile
Demographics & Population
Census Bureau American Community Survey 2024 · 5-Year Estimates
Household Income
Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2024 5-Year Estimates
Median Household
$103,960
Per Capita
$57,897
Mean Household
$144,950
Poverty Rate
10% ▼
Age & Race / Ethnicity
Source: Census Bureau ACS 2024 · Tables B01001, B02001, B03003
Cohorts
Under 18 · 19.4%
18-34 · 23.9%
35-54 · 25.3%
55-64 · 13.6%
65+ · 17.9%
Race & Ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino is an ethnic category and overlaps with the race categories above.
Educational Attainment
Source: Census Bureau ACS 2024 · Table B15003 · Population 25+
91.4%
High School+
National: 89.6%
▲ +1.8 pts
47.3%
Bachelor's+
National: 35.7%
▲ +11.6 pts
21.8%
Graduate+
National: 14.1%
▲ +7.7 pts
Employment Overview
Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2024 5-Year Estimates
7,044,056
Population
3,917,352
Labor Force
Employed
3,709,853
Unemployment Rate BLS LAUS 2024 annual
4%
Mean Commute 3 min above national avg
29.1 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
18.6%
Massachusetts's median household income sits 29% above the national median. At 10%, its poverty rate runs 2.5 pts below the ~12.5% national level, relevant for federal funding eligibility narratives. Bachelor's-or-higher attainment of 47.3% exceeds the national average of 35.7%.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2024 5-Year Estimates (released December 2025). Figures reflect the most recent Census release, older news reports may cite prior vintages.
Key Takeaways
- Income premium: Households earn well above the national median, supporting strong consumer markets statewide.
- Talent advantage: Bachelor's-or-higher attainment exceeds the national average by 11.6 pts, supports knowledge-economy positioning.
Economy & Industry
Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW · Bureau of Economic Analysis
Key Takeaways
- Largest sector: Health Care and Social Assistance employs 657,754 workers (25.3% of the tracked sectors), at an average wage of $75,853.
- Economic scale: State GDP of $778.5B (2024).
Source: BLS QCEW + BEA Regional GDP.
Industry Concentration
Location Quotient measures regional specialization vs. national average. LQ > 1.0 = concentrated.
Attraction Opportunities - Below-Average Industries
LQ < 0.5, below-average employment, potential attraction targets. Source: BLS QCEW · 3-digit NAICS sub-sector
0.10x
Support Activities for Agriculture and Forestry
855 employed
0.20x
Mining (except Oil and Gas)
892 employed
0.24x
Wood Product Manufacturing
2,208 employed
0.27x
Transportation Equipment Manufacturing
11,125 employed
0.35x
Primary Metal Manufacturing
2,927 employed
0.37x
Animal Production and Aquaculture
2,326 employed
0.39x
Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing
1,000 employed
0.46x
Truck Transportation
15,904 employed
Key Takeaways
- Top specialization: Fishing, Hunting and Trapping concentrates at 4.41x the national norm, strong concentration that anchors the local economy.
- Cluster depth: 10 sub-sectors register LQ ≥ 1.5, suggesting an interconnected industrial base across the state.
- Attraction whitespace: 8 sub-sectors register LQ < 0.5, candidates for diversification or recruitment.
Source: BLS QCEW sub-sector Location Quotients.
Housing & Affordability
Census ACS · HUD Fair Market Rents FY2026
Housing Overview
Source: Census Bureau ACS 2024 5-Year Estimates · Tables B25001, B25077, B25064
$562,100 ▲
Median Home Value vs 2019
$1,762 ▲
Rent/Mo
62.5% ▲
Owner-Occ
8.1% ▼
Vacancy
5.4x
Home Value to Income Ratio - Stretched
vs. ~4.1x national average
HUD Fair Market Rents (Statewide)
Renter-household-weighted average across 351 Fair Market Rent areas · Source: HUD · Fair Market Rents FY2026
Studio
$1,963/mo$1,096 to $2,409
1 Bedroom
$2,075/mo$1,200 to $2,476
2 Bedroom
$2,528/mo$1,527 to $3,138
3 Bedroom
$3,060/mo$1,831 to $4,143
4 Bedroom
$3,399/mo$2,289 to $5,260
30% of monthly median household income (~$2,599/mo) · rents above this line are typically considered cost-burdened.
Key Takeaways
- Stretched market: Home value to income ratio of 5.4x is well above the ~4.1x national average; attainable workforce housing may be a recruitment friction.
Source: Census ACS housing tables.
Workforce Pipeline
Labor force readiness, commuting, and workforce composition
Labor Market Overview
Source: Census ACS 2024 · Tables B01001, B23025, B08303, B08301
4,421,602 ▲
Working Age (18-64) vs 2019
▼ vs 2019
Mean Commute
29.1 min
Work From Home
18.6%
Education & Talent Pipeline
Source: Census ACS 2024 · Table B15003 · College Scorecard
Bachelor's+
47.3%
HS Diploma+
91.4%
Top Institutions
Degrees, certificates, and other credentials awarded last academic year (College Scorecard).
12,366/yr
11,075/yr
9,752/yr
9,235/yr
5,123/yr
4,894/yr
Aging Workforce
Source: Census Bureau ACS · Derived from age & employment tables
21.6%
55-64 of working-age population (18-64)
Elevated retirement risk, above the 20% threshold. Succession planning recommended.
Workforce by Occupation
Source: Census ACS 2024 · Table C24010 · Civilian employed population 16+
Management / Professional
51.3%
Service
15.6%
Sales & Office
17.4%
Construction / Maint.
6.7%
Production / Transport
9%
Bars scaled 2× for visual differentiation; percentage labels show actual share of 3,709,853 employed workers.
Key Takeaways
Source: ACS workforce data.
County Profiles
14 counties in Massachusetts
Barnstable County
FIPS 25001
Berkshire County
FIPS 25003
Bristol County
FIPS 25005
Dukes County
FIPS 25007
Essex County
FIPS 25009
Franklin County
FIPS 25011
Hampden County
FIPS 25013
Hampshire County
FIPS 25015
Middlesex County
FIPS 25017
Nantucket County
FIPS 25019
Norfolk County
FIPS 25021
Plymouth County
FIPS 25023
Suffolk County
FIPS 25025
Worcester County
FIPS 25027
AI Insights
AI-assisted analysis, drawn from 6 federal data sources
Sample AI Insight
Massachusetts shows meaningful potential for fishing, hunting and trapping attraction, with a 4.41x concentration and 769 jobs in this sub-sector.
Cluster depth across fishing, hunting and trapping, leather and allied product manufacturing, and publishing industries and telecommunications creates supply-chain attraction leverage, a structural advantage for industrial recruitment.
Industry Shift Analysis
Manufacturing Automation Risk
High
Healthcare Growth Forecast
+4.2% CAGR
Remote Work Migration
67/100
Prospect Match Scores
Advanced Manufacturing
92/100
Life Sciences
84/100
Data Centers
71/100
Illustrative example
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Data Sources
Updated from official federal government data.
Census ACS 5-Year2024
BLS QCEW2025
BEA Regional GDP2024
Census CBP2024
HUD Fair Market RentsFY2026
USAspending.govFY2026
Frequently Asked Questions
Key economic and demographic figures for Massachusetts, from federal data sources.
What is the population of Massachusetts?
7,044,056 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).
What is the median household income in Massachusetts?
$103,960 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).
What is the unemployment rate in Massachusetts?
4% (2024 annual average, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS).
What is the GDP of Massachusetts?
$778.5B (BEA SAGDP (state GDP)).
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