ExecutivePulse
Official Federal Data

Lewis and Clark County, Montana

FIPS 30049 · Helena, MT · Population 73,464
9 Sources Updated June 22, 2026
$78,237
Median Income
$80,734 national
3.1%
Unemployment
4% national
$5.7B
GDP
43%
Bachelor's+
35.7% national

Demographics & Population

Census Bureau American Community Survey 2020-2024 · 5-Year Estimates

Household Income

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
Median Household
$78,237
Per Capita
$44,837
Mean Household
$104,055
Poverty Rate
8.1%
Median Income Comparison
Lewis and Clark County$78,237
Montana$72,509
National$80,734

Population Profile

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Tables B01001, B02001, B03003
65+: 20.2% (14,843 residents) 55-64: 14% (10,263 residents) 35-54: 25.1% (18,474 residents) 18-34: 19.5% (14,318 residents) Under 18: 21.2% (15,566 residents) 42 Median Age
Cohorts
Under 18 · 21.2%
18-34 · 19.5%
35-54 · 25.1%
55-64 · 14%
65+ · 20.2%
Race & Ethnicity
White90.7%
Black or African American0.6%
Asian0.5%
Hispanic or Latino(any race)4%
Hispanic or Latino is an ethnic category and overlaps with the race categories above.

Educational Attainment

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · Population 25+
94.8%
High School+
National: 89.6%
▲ +5.2 pts
43%
Bachelor's+
National: 35.7%
▲ +7.3 pts
14.6%
Graduate+
National: 14.1%
▲ +0.5 pts

Employment Overview

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
73,464
Population
38,289
Labor Force
Employed
36,577
Unemployment Rate BLS LAUS 2025 annual
3.1% ▲ +0.3 pts YoY
Mean Commute 8 min below national avg
18.3 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
14.5%
Key Takeaways
  • Talent advantage: Bachelor's-or-higher attainment exceeds the national average by 7.3 pts, supports knowledge-economy and tech attraction.
  • Aging population: Median age of 42 is materially above the U.S. norm; succession planning and senior-services demand are real factors.

Economy & Industry

Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW · Bureau of Economic Analysis

$5.7B
Gross Domestic Product · 2024
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis · CAGDP1 Regional GDP

Top Industries by Employment

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics · Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages 2025 Annual
Top industries by employment in Lewis and Clark County, Montana, with employment, share of top sectors, and average wage
IndustryEmploymentShare of Top 10Avg Wage
1Health Care and Social Assistance
5,702 23.6%
$63,729
2Retail Trade
4,669 19.3%
$42,691
3Accommodation and Food Services
3,321 13.7%
$24,588
4Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
2,569 10.6%
$101,933
5Construction
2,076 8.6%
$76,992
6Other Services (except Public Administration)
2,014 8.3%
$54,467
7Finance and Insurance
1,668 6.9%
$122,231
8Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation
784 3.2%
$33,409
9Educational Services
691 2.9%
$44,493
10Wholesale Trade
686 2.8%
$90,714
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Key Takeaways
  • Largest sector: Health Care and Social Assistance employs 5,702 workers (23.6% of tracked sectors), at an average wage of $63,729.
  • Economic scale: Regional GDP of $5.7B (2024).
  • Wage stratification: Finance and Insurance averages $122,231 while Accommodation and Food Services averages $24,588, a 5.0x spread in the same local economy, with implications for workforce development and talent strategy.
Source: BLS QCEW + BEA Regional GDP.
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Industry Concentration

Location Quotient measures regional specialization vs. national average. LQ > 1.0 = concentrated.

Location Quotient Analysis

Concentrated Industries
Source: BLS QCEW · 3-digit NAICS sub-sector · Location Quotient vs. national employment share
Same source as the Top Industries table above, sub-sector view surfaces the specialization the supersector view masks (e.g., Plastics & Rubber Manufacturing inside the Manufacturing supersector).
Religious, Grantmaking, Civic, Professional Orgs
3.40x
1,239
Sporting Goods, Hobby, Musical Instrument, Book, and Misc. Retailers
2.22x
836
Animal Production and Aquaculture
1.67x
115
General Merchandise Retailers
1.54x
1,264

Cluster Depth

Source: BLS QCEW · Sub-sectors with LQ ≥ 1.5 indicate genuine cluster concentration
Dominant Cluster
Retail Trade Cluster
Coherent grouping of concentrated sub-sectors, signals supply-chain fit for site selectors
2,100
Cluster Employment
2.22x
Peak LQ
Concentrated Sub-Sectors
Religious, Grantmaking, Civic, Professional Orgs
3.40x 1,239
Sporting Goods, Hobby, Musical Instrument, Book, and Misc. Retailers
2.22x 836
Animal Production and Aquaculture
1.67x 115
General Merchandise Retailers
1.54x 1,264

Attraction Opportunities

LQ < 0.5 with ≥ 50 employed, realistic diversification targets. Source: BLS QCEW
0.14x
Food Manufacturing
63 employed
0.15x
Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
54 employed
0.33x
Publishing Industries and Telecommunications
75 employed
Key Takeaways
  • Top specialization: Religious, Grantmaking, Civic, Professional Orgs concentrates at 3.40x the national norm, strong concentration that anchors the local economy and supports supply-chain attraction strategy.
  • Cluster depth: 4 sub-sectors register LQ ≥ 1.5, suggesting an interconnected industrial base rather than reliance on a single employer or sector.
  • Attraction whitespace: 8 sub-sectors register LQ < 0.5, candidates for diversification or recruitment depending on labor-market fit.
Source: BLS QCEW sub-sector Location Quotients.
Lewis and Clark County's Top Sectors by Workforce Share
Each rectangle's area is proportional to that sector's share of total private-sector employment across all NAICS supersectors. Hover for exact employment.
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW 2025 Annual · Private sector, NAICS supersectors

Housing & Affordability

Census ACS · HUD Fair Market Rents FY2026

Housing Overview

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates · Tables B25001, B25077, B25064
$393,500
Median Home Value vs 2019
$1,102
Rent/Mo
70.1%
Owner-Occ
8.4%
Vacancy
5.0x
Home Value to Income Ratio
vs. ~4.1x national average

HUD Fair Market Rents

Source: HUD · Fair Market Rents FY2026
Studio
$1,136/mo
1 Bedroom
$1,319/mo
2 Bedroom
$1,647/mo
3 Bedroom
$2,250/mo
4 Bedroom
$2,496/mo
30% of monthly median household income (~$1,956/mo) · rents above this line are typically considered cost-burdened.
Key Takeaways
  • In line with national: Home value to income ratio of 5.0x sits near the ~4.1x national average; affordability is neither a clear advantage nor a recruitment friction.
  • High home ownership: 70.1% owner-occupied; rental supply may be tight for incoming workers.
  • Affordable rent tiers: 3 of 5 HUD Fair Market Rent bedroom tiers sit below the 30%-of-median-income affordability threshold (~$1,956/mo).
Source: Census ACS housing tables + HUD Fair Market Rents.

Workforce Pipeline

Labor force readiness, commuting, and workforce composition

Labor Market Overview

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Tables B01001, B23025, B08303, B08301
43,055
Working Age (18-64) vs 2019
Mean Commute 8 min below national avg
18.3 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
14.5%
Prime-Age Employed (25-54)
83.7%
of prime-age population
Labor force participation rate: 66.1% of working-age population (18-64) 66% Participation
▼ vs 2019

Education & Talent Pipeline

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · College Scorecard
Bachelor's+
43%
HS Diploma+
94.8%
Regional / Statewide Institutions
Total credentials awarded
8,624/yr
Montana State University 3,536/yr
The University of Montana 3,194/yr
Montana State University Billings 795/yr
The University of Montana-Western 425/yr
Montana Technological University 381/yr
Flathead Valley Community College 293/yr

Aging Workforce

Source: Census Bureau ACS · Derived from age & employment tables
23.8%
55-64 of working-age population (18-64)
Elevated retirement risk, above the 20% threshold. Succession planning recommended.

Workforce by Occupation

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table C24010 · Civilian employed population 16+
Management / Professional
50.9%
Service
15.5%
Sales & Office
17%
Construction / Maint.
8.3%
Production / Transport
8.4%
Bars scaled 2× for visual differentiation; percentage labels show actual share of 36,577 employed workers.
Key Takeaways
  • Succession risk is real: 23.8% of working-age residents are 55-64. Plan for retirements over the next decade and pair attraction strategy with talent retention.
  • Short commutes: 18.3-minute mean commute is a quality-of-life and labor-access advantage worth surfacing for site selectors.
  • Talent pipeline: 6 regional institutions feed the workforce; the top three combined produce 7,525 annual credentials.
Source: ACS workforce data and College Scorecard.

AI Insights

AI-assisted analysis, drawn from 9 federal data sources

Sample AI Insight

Lewis and Clark County shows meaningful potential for religious, grantmaking, civic, professional orgs attraction, with a 3.40x concentration and 1,239 jobs in this sub-sector. Near-term succession risk is elevated, with 23.8% of the working-age population within 10 years of retirement age.

The interconnected base across religious, grantmaking, civic, professional orgs, sporting goods, hobby, musical instrument, book, and misc. retailers, and animal production and aquaculture creates supply-chain attraction leverage rather than single-employer risk, a structural advantage for industrial recruitment.

Industry Shift Analysis

Manufacturing Automation Risk
High
Healthcare Growth Forecast
+4.2% CAGR
Remote Work Migration
67/100

Prospect Match Scores

Advanced Manufacturing
92/100
Life Sciences
84/100
Data Centers
71/100
Illustrative example

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Data Sources

Updated from official federal government data.

Census ACS 5-Year2024
BLS QCEW2025 annual
BLS LAUS (via FRED)2025 annual
BEA Regional GDP2024
Census CBP2023
HUD Fair Market RentsFY2026
FCC Broadband Map2024
USAspending.govFY2026
College ScorecardAY 2022-23

Frequently Asked Questions

Key economic and demographic figures for Lewis and Clark County, Montana, from federal data sources.

What is the population of Lewis and Clark County, Montana?

73,464 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).

What is the median household income in Lewis and Clark County, Montana?

$78,237 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).

What is the unemployment rate in Lewis and Clark County, Montana?

3.1% (2025 annual average, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS).

What is the GDP of Lewis and Clark County, Montana?

$5.7B (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP1).