ExecutivePulse
Official Federal Data

Carlton County, Minnesota

FIPS 27017 · Duluth, MN-WI · Population 36,518
9 Sources Updated June 22, 2026
$80,573
Median Income
$80,734 national
5.1%
Unemployment
4% national
$1.9B
GDP
26.5%
Bachelor's+
35.7% national

Demographics & Population

Census Bureau American Community Survey 2020-2024 · 5-Year Estimates

Household Income

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
Median Household
$80,573
Per Capita
$39,410
Mean Household
$99,202
Poverty Rate
11.9%
Median Income Comparison
Carlton County$80,573
Minnesota$89,062
National$80,734

Population Profile

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Tables B01001, B02001, B03003
65+: 18.5% (6,774 residents) 55-64: 14% (5,120 residents) 35-54: 27.1% (9,909 residents) 18-34: 18.8% (6,849 residents) Under 18: 21.5% (7,866 residents) 41 Median Age
Cohorts
Under 18 · 21.5%
18-34 · 18.8%
35-54 · 27.1%
55-64 · 14%
65+ · 18.5%
Race & Ethnicity
White87.5%
Black or African American2.2%
Asian0.5%
Hispanic or Latino(any race)1.9%
Hispanic or Latino is an ethnic category and overlaps with the race categories above.

Educational Attainment

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · Population 25+
93.6%
High School+
National: 89.6%
▲ +4.0 pts
26.5%
Bachelor's+
National: 35.7%
▼ 9.2 pts
9.2%
Graduate+
National: 14.1%
▼ 4.9 pts

Employment Overview

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
36,518
Population
17,558
Labor Force
Employed
16,644
Unemployment Rate BLS LAUS 2025 annual
5.1% ▲ +1.2 pts YoY
Mean Commute 5 min below national avg
21.5 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
9.5%
Key Takeaways
  • Talent gap: Bachelor's-or-higher attainment trails the national average by 9.2 pts, relevant for advanced-services attraction strategy.

Economy & Industry

Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW · Bureau of Economic Analysis

$1.9B
Gross Domestic Product · 2024
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis · CAGDP1 Regional GDP

Top Industries by Employment

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics · Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages 2025 Annual
Top industries by employment in Carlton County, Minnesota, with employment, share of top sectors, and average wage
IndustryEmploymentShare of Top 10Avg Wage
1Retail Trade
1,410 23.7%
$31,333
2Manufacturing
1,250 21.0%
$94,939
3Accommodation and Food Services
966 16.3%
$21,006
4Construction
883 14.9%
$100,588
5Wholesale Trade
369 6.2%
$79,327
6Other Services (except Public Administration)
310 5.2%
$35,266
7Finance and Insurance
287 4.8%
$69,196
8Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
190 3.2%
$64,731
9Transportation and Warehousing
169 2.8%
$63,078
10Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation
105 1.8%
$18,359
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Key Takeaways
  • Largest sector: Retail Trade employs 1,410 workers (23.7% of tracked sectors), at an average wage of $31,333.
  • Economic scale: Regional GDP of $1.9B (2024).
  • Wage stratification: Construction averages $100,588 while Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation averages $18,359, a 5.5x spread in the same local economy, with implications for workforce development and talent strategy.
Source: BLS QCEW + BEA Regional GDP.
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Industry Concentration

Location Quotient measures regional specialization vs. national average. LQ > 1.0 = concentrated.

Location Quotient Analysis

Concentrated Industries
Source: BLS QCEW · 3-digit NAICS sub-sector · Location Quotient vs. national employment share
Same source as the Top Industries table above, sub-sector view surfaces the specialization the supersector view masks (e.g., Plastics & Rubber Manufacturing inside the Manufacturing supersector).
Forestry and Logging
11.16x
43
Gasoline Stations and Fuel Dealers
4.47x
394
Nursing and Residential Care Facilities
2.60x
749
Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction
2.08x
207
Merchant Wholesalers, Nondurable Goods
1.82x
336
General Merchandise Retailers
1.79x
487
Utilities
1.74x
88
Construction of Buildings
1.52x
237

Cluster Depth

Source: BLS QCEW · Sub-sectors with LQ ≥ 1.5 indicate genuine cluster concentration
Dominant Cluster
Retail Trade Cluster
Coherent grouping of concentrated sub-sectors, signals supply-chain fit for site selectors
881
Cluster Employment
4.47x
Peak LQ
Concentrated Sub-Sectors
Forestry and Logging
11.16x 43
Gasoline Stations and Fuel Dealers
4.47x 394
Nursing and Residential Care Facilities
2.60x 749
Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction
2.08x 207
Merchant Wholesalers, Nondurable Goods
1.82x 336
General Merchandise Retailers
1.79x 487
Utilities
1.74x 88
Construction of Buildings
1.52x 237

Attraction Opportunities

LQ < 0.5 with ≥ 50 employed, realistic diversification targets. Source: BLS QCEW
0.12x
Administrative and Support Services
86 employed
0.21x
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
190 employed
Key Takeaways
  • Top specialization: Forestry and Logging concentrates at 11.16x the national norm, top-decile concentration, the kind of signature sector that defines a region's economic identity to site selectors.
  • Cluster depth: 8 sub-sectors register LQ ≥ 1.5, suggesting an interconnected industrial base rather than reliance on a single employer or sector.
  • Attraction whitespace: 8 sub-sectors register LQ < 0.5, candidates for diversification or recruitment depending on labor-market fit.
Source: BLS QCEW sub-sector Location Quotients.
Carlton County's Top Sectors by Workforce Share
Each rectangle's area is proportional to that sector's share of total private-sector employment across all NAICS supersectors. Hover for exact employment.
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW 2025 Annual · Private sector, NAICS supersectors

Housing & Affordability

Census ACS · HUD Fair Market Rents FY2026

Housing Overview

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates · Tables B25001, B25077, B25064
$245,100
Median Home Value vs 2019
$1,009
Rent/Mo
80%
Owner-Occ
11.4%
Vacancy
3.0x
Home Value to Income Ratio
vs. ~4.1x national average

HUD Fair Market Rents

Source: HUD · Fair Market Rents FY2026
Studio
$849/mo
1 Bedroom
$978/mo
2 Bedroom
$1,232/mo
3 Bedroom
$1,689/mo
4 Bedroom
$2,067/mo
30% of monthly median household income (~$2,014/mo) · rents above this line are typically considered cost-burdened.
Key Takeaways
  • In line with national: Home value to income ratio of 3.0x sits near the ~4.1x national average; affordability is neither a clear advantage nor a recruitment friction.
  • High home ownership: 80% owner-occupied; rental supply may be tight for incoming workers.
  • Elevated vacancy: 11.4% vacancy rate. In resort, rural, and seasonal markets much of this is recreational/seasonal (second homes), not available supply; confirm the vacancy-by-reason split before treating it as a redevelopment opportunity.
  • Affordable rent tiers: 4 of 5 HUD Fair Market Rent bedroom tiers sit below the 30%-of-median-income affordability threshold (~$2,014/mo).
Source: Census ACS housing tables + HUD Fair Market Rents.

Workforce Pipeline

Labor force readiness, commuting, and workforce composition

Labor Market Overview

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Tables B01001, B23025, B08303, B08301
21,878
Working Age (18-64) vs 2019
Mean Commute 5 min below national avg
21.5 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
9.5%
Prime-Age Employed (25-54)
77.2%
of prime-age population
Labor force participation rate: 61.3% of working-age population (18-64) 61% Participation
▼ vs 2019

Education & Talent Pipeline

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · College Scorecard
Bachelor's+
26.5%
HS Diploma+
93.6%
Regional / Statewide Institutions
Total credentials awarded
49,702/yr
Capella University 14,847/yr
University of Minnesota-Twin Cities 13,676/yr
Walden University 12,870/yr
Minnesota State University-Mankato 3,728/yr
University of Minnesota-Duluth 2,468/yr
Century College 2,113/yr

Aging Workforce

Source: Census Bureau ACS · Derived from age & employment tables
23.4%
55-64 of working-age population (18-64)
Elevated retirement risk, above the 20% threshold. Succession planning recommended.

Workforce by Occupation

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table C24010 · Civilian employed population 16+
Management / Professional
37.8%
Service
18.5%
Sales & Office
17.8%
Construction / Maint.
11.1%
Production / Transport
14.8%
Bars scaled 2× for visual differentiation; percentage labels show actual share of 16,644 employed workers.
Key Takeaways
  • Succession risk is real: 23.4% of working-age residents are 55-64. Plan for retirements over the next decade and pair attraction strategy with talent retention.
  • Short commutes: 21.5-minute mean commute is a quality-of-life and labor-access advantage worth surfacing for site selectors.
  • Talent pipeline: 6 regional institutions feed the workforce; the top three combined produce 41,393 annual credentials.
Source: ACS workforce data and College Scorecard.

AI Insights

AI-assisted analysis, drawn from 9 federal data sources

Sample AI Insight

Carlton County shows strong potential for forestry and logging attraction, with a 11.16x concentration and 43 jobs in this sub-sector. It ranks in the top decile nationally. Near-term succession risk is elevated, with 23.4% of the working-age population within 10 years of retirement age.

The interconnected base across forestry and logging, gasoline stations and fuel dealers, and nursing and residential care facilities creates supply-chain attraction leverage rather than single-employer risk, a structural advantage for industrial recruitment.

Industry Shift Analysis

Manufacturing Automation Risk
High
Healthcare Growth Forecast
+4.2% CAGR
Remote Work Migration
67/100

Prospect Match Scores

Advanced Manufacturing
92/100
Life Sciences
84/100
Data Centers
71/100
Illustrative example

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Data Sources

Updated from official federal government data.

Census ACS 5-Year2024
BLS QCEW2025 annual
BLS LAUS (via FRED)2025 annual
BEA Regional GDP2024
Census CBP2023
HUD Fair Market RentsFY2026
FCC Broadband Map2024
USAspending.govFY2026
College ScorecardAY 2022-23

Frequently Asked Questions

Key economic and demographic figures for Carlton County, Minnesota, from federal data sources.

What is the population of Carlton County, Minnesota?

36,518 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).

What is the median household income in Carlton County, Minnesota?

$80,573 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).

What is the unemployment rate in Carlton County, Minnesota?

5.1% (2025 annual average, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS).

What is the GDP of Carlton County, Minnesota?

$1.9B (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP1).