ExecutivePulse
Official Federal Data

York County, Maine

FIPS 23031 · Portland-South Portland, ME · Population 216,731
9 Sources Updated June 22, 2026
$88,333
Median Income
$80,734 national
3%
Unemployment
4% national
$13.6B
GDP
36.2%
Bachelor's+
35.7% national

Demographics & Population

Census Bureau American Community Survey 2020-2024 · 5-Year Estimates

Household Income

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
Median Household
$88,333
Per Capita
$47,536
Mean Household
$110,468
Poverty Rate
7.7%
Median Income Comparison
York County$88,333
Maine$74,733
National$80,734

Population Profile

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Tables B01001, B02001, B03003
65+: 22.3% (48,418 residents) 55-64: 15.7% (34,041 residents) 35-54: 24.6% (53,391 residents) 18-34: 19.5% (42,362 residents) Under 18: 17.8% (38,519 residents) 45 Median Age
Cohorts
Under 18 · 17.8%
18-34 · 19.5%
35-54 · 24.6%
55-64 · 15.7%
65+ · 22.3%
Race & Ethnicity
White90.6%
Black or African American1.1%
Asian1.1%
Hispanic or Latino(any race)2.2%
Hispanic or Latino is an ethnic category and overlaps with the race categories above.

Educational Attainment

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · Population 25+
95.4%
High School+
National: 89.6%
▲ +5.8 pts
36.2%
Bachelor's+
National: 35.7%
▲ +0.5 pts
13%
Graduate+
National: 14.1%
▼ 1.1 pts

Employment Overview

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
216,731
Population
118,897
Labor Force
Employed
114,069
Unemployment Rate BLS LAUS 2025 annual
3% ▲ +0.3 pts YoY
Mean Commute 1 min above national avg
27.7 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
16.8%
Key Takeaways
  • Aging population: Median age of 45 is materially above the U.S. norm; succession planning and senior-services demand are real factors.

Economy & Industry

Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW · Bureau of Economic Analysis

$13.6B
Gross Domestic Product · 2024
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis · CAGDP1 Regional GDP

Top Industries by Employment

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics · Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages 2025 Annual
Top industries by employment in York County, Maine, with employment, share of top sectors, and average wage
IndustryEmploymentShare of Top 10Avg Wage
1Accommodation and Food Services
10,823 20.8%
$36,040
2Health Care and Social Assistance
10,475 20.1%
$61,628
3Retail Trade
9,957 19.1%
$40,891
4Manufacturing
8,600 16.5%
$77,559
5Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
3,124 6.0%
$112,268
6Administrative and Support and Waste Management
2,367 4.5%
$54,910
7Other Services (except Public Administration)
1,998 3.8%
$45,664
8Finance and Insurance
1,599 3.1%
$93,957
9Educational Services
1,570 3.0%
$59,932
10Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation
1,555 3.0%
$37,101
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Key Takeaways
  • Largest sector: Accommodation and Food Services employs 10,823 workers (20.8% of tracked sectors), at an average wage of $36,040.
  • Economic scale: Regional GDP of $13.6B (2024).
  • Wage stratification: Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services averages $112,268 while Accommodation and Food Services averages $36,040, a 3.1x spread in the same local economy, with implications for workforce development and talent strategy.
Source: BLS QCEW + BEA Regional GDP.
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Industry Concentration

Location Quotient measures regional specialization vs. national average. LQ > 1.0 = concentrated.

Location Quotient Analysis

Concentrated Industries
Source: BLS QCEW · 3-digit NAICS sub-sector · Location Quotient vs. national employment share
Same source as the Top Industries table above, sub-sector view surfaces the specialization the supersector view masks (e.g., Plastics & Rubber Manufacturing inside the Manufacturing supersector).
Textile Product Mills
5.33x
252
Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing
4.15x
694
Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing
3.73x
45
Furniture and Related Product Manufacturing
2.81x
477
Forestry and Logging
2.75x
64
Accommodation
2.67x
2,606
Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation
2.66x
41
Crop Production
2.28x
615
Gasoline Stations and Fuel Dealers
2.11x
1,124
Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
1.79x
1,301

Cluster Depth

Source: BLS QCEW · Sub-sectors with LQ ≥ 1.5 indicate genuine cluster concentration
Dominant Cluster
Manufacturing Cluster
Coherent grouping of concentrated sub-sectors, signals supply-chain fit for site selectors
2,769
Cluster Employment
5.33x
Peak LQ
Concentrated Sub-Sectors
Textile Product Mills
5.33x 252
Beverage and Tobacco Product Manufacturing
4.15x 694
Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing
3.73x 45
Furniture and Related Product Manufacturing
2.81x 477
Forestry and Logging
2.75x 64
Accommodation
2.67x 2,606
Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation
2.66x 41
Crop Production
2.28x 615
Gasoline Stations and Fuel Dealers
2.11x 1,124
Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
1.79x 1,301

Attraction Opportunities

LQ < 0.5 with ≥ 50 employed, realistic diversification targets. Source: BLS QCEW
0.26x
Computing Infrastructure Providers and Data Processing
64 employed
0.30x
Support Activities for Transportation
124 employed
0.33x
Insurance Carriers and Related Activities
431 employed
0.37x
Machinery Manufacturing
206 employed
0.38x
Telecommunications
116 employed
Key Takeaways
  • Top specialization: Textile Product Mills concentrates at 5.33x the national norm, top-decile concentration, the kind of signature sector that defines a region's economic identity to site selectors.
  • Cluster depth: 10 sub-sectors register LQ ≥ 1.5, suggesting an interconnected industrial base rather than reliance on a single employer or sector.
  • Attraction whitespace: 8 sub-sectors register LQ < 0.5, candidates for diversification or recruitment depending on labor-market fit.
Source: BLS QCEW sub-sector Location Quotients.
York County's Top Sectors by Workforce Share
Each rectangle's area is proportional to that sector's share of total private-sector employment across all NAICS supersectors. Hover for exact employment.
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW 2025 Annual · Private sector, NAICS supersectors

Housing & Affordability

Census ACS · HUD Fair Market Rents FY2026

Housing Overview

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates · Tables B25001, B25077, B25064
$395,700
Median Home Value vs 2019
$1,339
Rent/Mo
77.3%
Owner-Occ
20.6%
Vacancy
4.5x
Home Value to Income Ratio
vs. ~4.1x national average

HUD Fair Market Rents (County Average)

Renter-household-weighted average across 29 town FMR areas · Source: HUD · Fair Market Rents FY2026
Studio
$1,355/mo$1,281 to $1,518
1 Bedroom
$1,500/mo$1,412 to $1,678
2 Bedroom
$1,872/mo$1,716 to $2,202
3 Bedroom
$2,408/mo$2,298 to $2,640
4 Bedroom
$2,830/mo$2,561 to $3,694
30% of monthly median household income (~$2,208/mo) · rents above this line are typically considered cost-burdened.
Key Takeaways
  • In line with national: Home value to income ratio of 4.5x sits near the ~4.1x national average; affordability is neither a clear advantage nor a recruitment friction.
  • High home ownership: 77.3% owner-occupied; rental supply may be tight for incoming workers.
  • Elevated vacancy: 20.6% vacancy rate. In resort, rural, and seasonal markets much of this is recreational/seasonal (second homes), not available supply; confirm the vacancy-by-reason split before treating it as a redevelopment opportunity.
  • Affordable rent tiers: 3 of 5 HUD Fair Market Rent bedroom tiers sit below the 30%-of-median-income affordability threshold (~$2,208/mo).
Source: Census ACS housing tables + HUD Fair Market Rents.

Workforce Pipeline

Labor force readiness, commuting, and workforce composition

Labor Market Overview

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Tables B01001, B23025, B08303, B08301
129,794
Working Age (18-64) vs 2019
Mean Commute 1 min above national avg
27.7 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
16.8%
Prime-Age Employed (25-54)
84.9%
of prime-age population
Labor force participation rate: 66.7% of working-age population (18-64) 67% Participation
▼ vs 2019

Education & Talent Pipeline

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · College Scorecard
Bachelor's+
36.2%
HS Diploma+
95.4%
Regional / Statewide Institutions
Total credentials awarded
8,013/yr
University of Maine 2,876/yr
University of Southern Maine 1,918/yr
Husson University 1,065/yr
Southern Maine Community College 804/yr
Colby College 734/yr
University of Maine at Augusta 616/yr

Aging Workforce

Source: Census Bureau ACS · Derived from age & employment tables
26.2%
55-64 of working-age population (18-64)
Elevated retirement risk, above the 20% threshold. Succession planning recommended.

Workforce by Occupation

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table C24010 · Civilian employed population 16+
Management / Professional
41.6%
Service
15.1%
Sales & Office
20.2%
Construction / Maint.
10.5%
Production / Transport
12.5%
Bars scaled 2× for visual differentiation; percentage labels show actual share of 114,069 employed workers.
Key Takeaways
  • Succession risk is real: 26.2% of working-age residents are 55-64. Plan for retirements over the next decade and pair attraction strategy with talent retention.
  • Talent pipeline: 6 regional institutions feed the workforce; the top three combined produce 5,859 annual credentials.
Source: ACS workforce data and College Scorecard.

AI Insights

AI-assisted analysis, drawn from 9 federal data sources

Sample AI Insight

York County shows strong potential for textile product mills attraction, with a 5.33x concentration and 252 jobs in this sub-sector. It ranks in the top decile nationally. Near-term succession risk is elevated, with 26.2% of the working-age population within 10 years of retirement age.

The interconnected base across textile product mills, beverage and tobacco product manufacturing, and leather and allied product manufacturing creates supply-chain attraction leverage rather than single-employer risk, a structural advantage for industrial recruitment.

Industry Shift Analysis

Manufacturing Automation Risk
High
Healthcare Growth Forecast
+4.2% CAGR
Remote Work Migration
67/100

Prospect Match Scores

Advanced Manufacturing
92/100
Life Sciences
84/100
Data Centers
71/100
Illustrative example

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Data Sources

Updated from official federal government data.

Census ACS 5-Year2024
BLS QCEW2025 annual
BLS LAUS (via FRED)2025 annual
BEA Regional GDP2024
Census CBP2023
HUD Fair Market RentsFY2026
FCC Broadband Map2024
USAspending.govFY2026
College ScorecardAY 2022-23

Frequently Asked Questions

Key economic and demographic figures for York County, Maine, from federal data sources.

What is the population of York County, Maine?

216,731 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).

What is the median household income in York County, Maine?

$88,333 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).

What is the unemployment rate in York County, Maine?

3% (2025 annual average, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS).

What is the GDP of York County, Maine?

$13.6B (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP1).