ExecutivePulse
Official Federal Data

Kennebec County, Maine

FIPS 23011 · Augusta-Waterville, ME · Population 126,808
9 Sources Updated June 22, 2026
$69,077
Median Income
$80,734 national
3.1%
Unemployment
4% national
$8.6B
GDP
31.9%
Bachelor's+
35.7% national

Demographics & Population

Census Bureau American Community Survey 2020-2024 · 5-Year Estimates

Household Income

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
Median Household
$69,077
Per Capita
$38,597
Mean Household
$88,742
Poverty Rate
11.6%
Median Income Comparison
Kennebec County$69,077
Maine$74,733
National$80,734

Population Profile

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Tables B01001, B02001, B03003
65+: 21.1% (26,806 residents) 55-64: 15.1% (19,191 residents) 35-54: 24.2% (30,692 residents) 18-34: 20.8% (26,380 residents) Under 18: 18.7% (23,739 residents) 44 Median Age
Cohorts
Under 18 · 18.7%
18-34 · 20.8%
35-54 · 24.2%
55-64 · 15.1%
65+ · 21.1%
Race & Ethnicity
White92.4%
Black or African American0.9%
Asian0.9%
Hispanic or Latino(any race)2.3%
Hispanic or Latino is an ethnic category and overlaps with the race categories above.

Educational Attainment

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · Population 25+
94.8%
High School+
National: 89.6%
▲ +5.2 pts
31.9%
Bachelor's+
National: 35.7%
▼ 3.8 pts
12.2%
Graduate+
National: 14.1%
▼ 1.9 pts

Employment Overview

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
126,808
Population
63,470
Labor Force
Employed
60,818
Unemployment Rate BLS LAUS 2025 annual
3.1% ▲ +0.2 pts YoY
Mean Commute 1 min below national avg
25.4 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
15.3%
Key Takeaways
  • Aging population: Median age of 44 is materially above the U.S. norm; succession planning and senior-services demand are real factors.

Economy & Industry

Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW · Bureau of Economic Analysis

$8.6B
Gross Domestic Product · 2024
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis · CAGDP1 Regional GDP

Top Industries by Employment

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics · Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages 2025 Annual
Top industries by employment in Kennebec County, Maine, with employment, share of top sectors, and average wage
IndustryEmploymentShare of Top 10Avg Wage
1Health Care and Social Assistance
10,271 28.8%
$65,966
2Retail Trade
8,583 24.1%
$42,323
3Accommodation and Food Services
4,768 13.4%
$28,755
4Educational Services
2,213 6.2%
$67,671
5Other Services (except Public Administration)
2,068 5.8%
$51,861
6Wholesale Trade
1,928 5.4%
$76,089
7Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
1,829 5.1%
$89,836
8Administrative and Support and Waste Management
1,384 3.9%
$47,674
9Management of Companies and Enterprises
1,358 3.8%
$91,191
10Transportation and Warehousing
1,272 3.6%
$60,552
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Key Takeaways
  • Largest sector: Health Care and Social Assistance employs 10,271 workers (28.8% of tracked sectors), at an average wage of $65,966.
  • Economic scale: Regional GDP of $8.6B (2024).
  • Wage stratification: Management of Companies and Enterprises averages $91,191 while Accommodation and Food Services averages $28,755, a 3.2x spread in the same local economy, with implications for workforce development and talent strategy.
Source: BLS QCEW + BEA Regional GDP.
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Industry Concentration

Location Quotient measures regional specialization vs. national average. LQ > 1.0 = concentrated.

Location Quotient Analysis

Concentrated Industries
Source: BLS QCEW · 3-digit NAICS sub-sector · Location Quotient vs. national employment share
Same source as the Top Industries table above, sub-sector view surfaces the specialization the supersector view masks (e.g., Plastics & Rubber Manufacturing inside the Manufacturing supersector).
Textile Mills
5.34x
173
Forestry and Logging
4.71x
86
Telecommunications
3.09x
733
Building Material and Garden Supply Retailers
2.19x
1,199
Religious, Grantmaking, Civic, Professional Orgs
2.11x
1,205
Gasoline Stations and Fuel Dealers
2.05x
858
Animal Production and Aquaculture
1.95x
210
Motor Vehicle and Parts Dealers
1.76x
1,432
Educational Services
1.71x
2,213

Cluster Depth

Source: BLS QCEW · Sub-sectors with LQ ≥ 1.5 indicate genuine cluster concentration
Dominant Cluster
Retail Trade Cluster
Coherent grouping of concentrated sub-sectors, signals supply-chain fit for site selectors
3,489
Cluster Employment
2.19x
Peak LQ
Concentrated Sub-Sectors
Textile Mills
5.34x 173
Forestry and Logging
4.71x 86
Telecommunications
3.09x 733
Building Material and Garden Supply Retailers
2.19x 1,199
Religious, Grantmaking, Civic, Professional Orgs
2.11x 1,205
Gasoline Stations and Fuel Dealers
2.05x 858
Animal Production and Aquaculture
1.95x 210
Motor Vehicle and Parts Dealers
1.76x 1,432
Educational Services
1.71x 2,213

Attraction Opportunities

LQ < 0.5 with ≥ 50 employed, realistic diversification targets. Source: BLS QCEW
0.20x
Support Activities for Transportation
66 employed
0.23x
Food Manufacturing
161 employed
Key Takeaways
  • Top specialization: Textile Mills concentrates at 5.34x the national norm, top-decile concentration, the kind of signature sector that defines a region's economic identity to site selectors.
  • Cluster depth: 9 sub-sectors register LQ ≥ 1.5, suggesting an interconnected industrial base rather than reliance on a single employer or sector.
  • Attraction whitespace: 8 sub-sectors register LQ < 0.5, candidates for diversification or recruitment depending on labor-market fit.
Source: BLS QCEW sub-sector Location Quotients.
Kennebec County's Top Sectors by Workforce Share
Each rectangle's area is proportional to that sector's share of total private-sector employment across all NAICS supersectors. Hover for exact employment.
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW 2025 Annual · Private sector, NAICS supersectors

Housing & Affordability

Census ACS · HUD Fair Market Rents FY2026

Housing Overview

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates · Tables B25001, B25077, B25064
$238,200
Median Home Value vs 2019
$992
Rent/Mo
73.7%
Owner-Occ
14.5%
Vacancy
3.4x
Home Value to Income Ratio
vs. ~4.1x national average

HUD Fair Market Rents (County Average)

Renter-household-weighted average across 30 town FMR areas · Source: HUD · Fair Market Rents FY2026
Studio
$1,082/mo$1,082 to $1,082
1 Bedroom
$1,090/mo$1,090 to $1,090
2 Bedroom
$1,416/mo$1,416 to $1,416
3 Bedroom
$1,819/mo$1,819 to $1,819
4 Bedroom
$2,158/mo$2,158 to $2,158
30% of monthly median household income (~$1,727/mo) · rents above this line are typically considered cost-burdened.
Key Takeaways
  • In line with national: Home value to income ratio of 3.4x sits near the ~4.1x national average; affordability is neither a clear advantage nor a recruitment friction.
  • High home ownership: 73.7% owner-occupied; rental supply may be tight for incoming workers.
  • Elevated vacancy: 14.5% vacancy rate. In resort, rural, and seasonal markets much of this is recreational/seasonal (second homes), not available supply; confirm the vacancy-by-reason split before treating it as a redevelopment opportunity.
  • Affordable rent tiers: 3 of 5 HUD Fair Market Rent bedroom tiers sit below the 30%-of-median-income affordability threshold (~$1,727/mo).
Source: Census ACS housing tables + HUD Fair Market Rents.

Workforce Pipeline

Labor force readiness, commuting, and workforce composition

Labor Market Overview

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Tables B01001, B23025, B08303, B08301
76,263
Working Age (18-64) vs 2019
Mean Commute 1 min below national avg
25.4 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
15.3%
Prime-Age Employed (25-54)
79.7%
of prime-age population
Labor force participation rate: 61.6% of working-age population (18-64) 62% Participation
▼ vs 2019

Education & Talent Pipeline

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · College Scorecard
Bachelor's+
31.9%
HS Diploma+
94.8%
Regional / Statewide Institutions
Total credentials awarded
8,013/yr
University of Maine 2,876/yr
University of Southern Maine 1,918/yr
Husson University 1,065/yr
Southern Maine Community College 804/yr
Colby College 734/yr
University of Maine at Augusta 616/yr

Aging Workforce

Source: Census Bureau ACS · Derived from age & employment tables
25.2%
55-64 of working-age population (18-64)
Elevated retirement risk, above the 20% threshold. Succession planning recommended.

Workforce by Occupation

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table C24010 · Civilian employed population 16+
Management / Professional
42.5%
Service
15.2%
Sales & Office
20.6%
Construction / Maint.
11%
Production / Transport
10.7%
Bars scaled 2× for visual differentiation; percentage labels show actual share of 60,818 employed workers.
Key Takeaways
  • Succession risk is real: 25.2% of working-age residents are 55-64. Plan for retirements over the next decade and pair attraction strategy with talent retention.
  • Talent pipeline: 6 regional institutions feed the workforce; the top three combined produce 5,859 annual credentials.
Source: ACS workforce data and College Scorecard.

AI Insights

AI-assisted analysis, drawn from 9 federal data sources

Sample AI Insight

Kennebec County shows strong potential for textile mills attraction, with a 5.34x concentration and 173 jobs in this sub-sector. It ranks in the top decile nationally. Near-term succession risk is elevated, with 25.2% of the working-age population within 10 years of retirement age.

The interconnected base across textile mills, forestry and logging, and telecommunications creates supply-chain attraction leverage rather than single-employer risk, a structural advantage for industrial recruitment.

Industry Shift Analysis

Manufacturing Automation Risk
High
Healthcare Growth Forecast
+4.2% CAGR
Remote Work Migration
67/100

Prospect Match Scores

Advanced Manufacturing
92/100
Life Sciences
84/100
Data Centers
71/100
Illustrative example

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Data Sources

Updated from official federal government data.

Census ACS 5-Year2024
BLS QCEW2025 annual
BLS LAUS (via FRED)2025 annual
BEA Regional GDP2024
Census CBP2023
HUD Fair Market RentsFY2026
FCC Broadband Map2024
USAspending.govFY2026
College ScorecardAY 2022-23

Frequently Asked Questions

Key economic and demographic figures for Kennebec County, Maine, from federal data sources.

What is the population of Kennebec County, Maine?

126,808 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).

What is the median household income in Kennebec County, Maine?

$69,077 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).

What is the unemployment rate in Kennebec County, Maine?

3.1% (2025 annual average, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS).

What is the GDP of Kennebec County, Maine?

$8.6B (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP1).